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In energy “How to win twice?” is an interesting question as there are no winning in energy, there are costs and expenses only. The “win- win situation” comes from using Green Energy, the first win is by getting rid of waste, especially garbage and junk, that win is an environmental ...

One of the major challenges that any county faces is building and keeping a strong city identity, most cities leaders find it easy to build new buildings, new museums, new public libraries, and so on; But it’s very hard to restore an old building as the process itself takes a ...

Innovation in architecture is with no doubt extremely important, but preserving and restoring the old buildings is also important because those old monuments are the reflection of our history, they help us to understand and respect people who lived in different eras with different habits and traditions. As well the ...

As the Japanese always say “continuous improvement” is the key. But in energy continuous improvement is not only the key it’s the key and the door itself. The door to a better improved life style and the key to human survival is with no doubt related to finding Alternative Energy ...

Writing an articles is definitely not an easy thing to do, it requires lots of knowledge, background about the subject of the article, understanding the criteria of writing- what must be included in an article and what shouldn’t be included, and most importantly inspiration. Aside from all the worries that ...

Did you know that the hidden effects of pollution and waste are more likely to exceed the apparent effects? The effect of waste is not an easy thing to measure, after all how can we measure the future health risks, and how can we measure the pollution effect on the ...

Written by: Allaa Muhammed Conservation of our heritage is a cornerstone in the urban planning field. As we have to build more sophisticated buildings and develop our city building, but at the same time, we have to conserve our historical buildings that give the city its beauty and identity. They ...

Written by: Allaa Muhammed As urban planners are eager to change the future of cities they have to collect data that will help them achieve their goals. Although urbanization is the most visible force on earth, it affects its surface, atmosphere, and seas. We still do not have a reliable ...

What is Compact City? The compact city  “city of short distance”is an currently emergrd  urban planning concept.  promotes relatively high residential density with mixing of various activities.  It provide  require infrastructure facilities  within walkable distance.  The compact city concept aims at a high-density mixed-use, and intensified urban form. • The idea ...

What is urban center  .. what is rural center  .. each nation has a definition !!! There are many aspects affects on this expression which also differs from a nation to another according to each nation’s culture and technology level reached, Here-under some of aspects used to measure which areas are Urban ...